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在经典的决策理论中,理性一直被认为是“完美的”(perfect),然而这一假定,已经越来越受到许多经济学家和社会心理学家的挑战。20世纪40年代以来,N·A·西蒙从心理学出发,论证了人类行为的理性是在给定环境限度内的理性,有限理性是由人的心理机制决定的。西蒙的有限理性行为理论构成了现代管理理论的基石,它更加合乎现实生活中人们的实际决策情况。本文在探讨有限理性行为理论起源的基础上,综述其有关研究现状。
In classical decision theory, reason has always been considered “perfect,” yet this assumption has been challenged more and more by many economists and social psychologists. Starting from the 1940s, NA Simon started from psychology, demonstrating that the rationality of human behavior is within a given environmental limit and that the limited rationality is determined by human psychological mechanisms. Simon’s theory of bounded rational behavior constitutes the cornerstone of modern management theory, which is more in line with the actual situation of people’s actual decision-making. On the basis of discussing the origin of the theory of bounded rational behavior, this article summarizes the current research situation.