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传统认为醛固酮由肾上腺皮质球状带细胞分泌并参与水盐代谢,现发现肾上腺外组织(血管、心脏和脑组织)也可分泌醛固酮并同时存在盐皮质激素受体。在心血管系统醛固酮参与氧化应激,诱导心肌纤维化从而参与心肌重构,醛固酮也影响心肌离子流和心肌复极从而与异位电活动有关。盐皮质激素受体阻断刺可明显改善严重心衰和急性心肌梗死后左室功能障碍病人的预后且对原发性高血压病人有靶器官保护作用。
Traditionally, aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal cortical zone cells and is involved in water and salt metabolism. It has been found that extra-adrenal tissues (blood vessels, heart and brain) can also secrete aldosterone and co-exist mineralocorticoid receptor. Aldosterone in the cardiovascular system is involved in oxidative stress, inducing myocardial fibrosis and thereby participating in myocardial remodeling, and aldosterone also influences myocardial ion flux and myocardial repolarization to correlate with ectopic electrical activity. Mineralocorticoid receptor blockage can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with severe heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction and target organ protection in patients with essential hypertension.