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1942年2月22日,奥地利著名作家斯蒂芬·茨威格(Stefan Zweig)和其第二任妻子在巴西里约热内卢近郊的佩特罗普利斯寓所里自杀。对其自杀原因,莫衷一是。分析史料得出,中国学界分别从人道主义者产生的悲剧、从流亡对茨威格生存产生的威胁、从茨威格的性格弱点以及他是犹太人的角度立论进行了多元的阐释。分析、评述中国学界对茨威格自杀原因的解读,并作深层次挖掘,探讨茨威格所依赖的时代文化背景——魏玛精神对茨威格自杀产生的决定性影响,以期拓展中国茨威格研究的新视角。
On February 22, 1942, the famous Austrian writer Stefan Zweig and his second wife committed suicide in the residence of Petroply in the suburbs of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The reason for suicide, implausible. According to the historical data, the tragedies of Chinese academics from the humanitarianists, from the existential threat to Zweig’s existence, from the historical sources, from Zweig’s character weakness and his Jewish point of view, respectively, make a pluralistic interpretation. Analyze and comment on the interpretation of Zweig’s causes of suicide in Chinese academia and make deep excavations to explore the time-based cultural background on which Zweig relied: the Weimar spirit exerted a decisive influence on Zweig’s suicide in order to expand China’s Zweig New Perspective of Research on Lattice.