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波动方程描述了波的传播过程,其非线性特征使得求解过程极为复杂且计算量很大。通过数值模拟刻画波场传播十分重要。常见数值模拟方法有两类,分别是基于射线的方法和基于波动方程的方法。有限差分正演模拟是基于波动方程的正演方法。本文实现了高阶精度交错网格有限差分正演模拟,同时添加了完全匹配层(PML)吸收边界条件。计算结果表明,高阶精度交错网格有限差分数值模拟能有效抑制频散,PML吸收边界对边界的压制效果良好,几乎没有边界反射波。
The wave equation describes the wave propagation process, and its non-linear characteristics make the solution process extremely complex and computationally intensive. It is very important to characterize wave propagation through numerical simulation. There are two types of common numerical simulation methods, ray-based methods and wave equation-based methods. Finite difference forward modeling is based on wave equation forward method. In this paper, a finite-difference forward modeling of staggered-grid high-order precision is implemented, and a complete match layer (PML) absorption boundary condition is added. The calculation results show that the finite difference numerical simulation of staggered-grid high-order precision can effectively suppress the dispersion, and the PML absorption boundary has good suppression effect on the boundary, almost no boundary reflection wave.