鲁迅的《彷徨》再现了“新文化运动”前后个人在反传统以及争取个人独立与自由方面所遭遇的困境。弗洛姆在《逃避自由》中为这一困境提供了深刻的心理分析:弗洛姆认为自我保存、害怕孤独是人生存的肉体和精神本能;自由具有消极和积极之分;自由与个人主义不仅需要心理条件,也离不开社会经济、文化基础的支持。 The “imitation” of Lu Xun reproduces the predicament encountered by individuals before and after the “New Culture Movement” in their anti-tradition and their struggle for individual independence and freedom. Fromm’s “freedom to escape” provides a profound psychological analysis of this dilemma: Fromm considers self-preservation and fear of loneliness as the physical and spiritual instincts of human existence; freedom has both negative and positive elements; freedom and individualism Not only need psychological conditions, but also inseparable from the social, economic and cultural support.