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目的 :探讨胎儿脐带静脉随胎龄变化的形态学改变 ,为临床挑选适当的血管代用品提供科学的理论依据。方法 :3 3例新鲜脐带 ,常规石蜡包埋、切片、HE染组织结构 ,Weigert,AnilineBlue及桔黄G分染弹性纤维 ,胶原纤维和平滑肌 ,光镜观察及计算机图像分析。结果 :随胎龄随长 ,脐静脉管径、中膜厚度、中膜弹性纤维含量逐渐增多 ;平滑肌含量及细胞核的数密度和面密度在 3 7～ 40周最大 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,胶原纤维则最小 ,因而此时段顺应性最好。结论 :脐静脉管壁中各成分的含量随胎龄变化呈不等比增长 ,3 7～ 40周时血管顺应性最好。建议选用此时段胎龄的脐静脉作为移植材料。
Objective: To explore the morphological changes of fetus umbilical vein with gestational age, and to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the clinical selection of appropriate vascular substitutes. Methods: Thirty-three fresh umbilical cords were embedded in paraffin, paraffin embedded, stained with HE stain, Weigert, Aniline Blue and orange G-divided elastic fibers, collagen fibers and smooth muscle were observed with light microscopy and computerized image analysis. Results: With the increase of gestational age, the diameter of umbilical vein, the thickness of medial membrane and the content of elastic membrane increased gradually. The content of smooth muscle and the number density and density of nucleus were the highest in 37 ~ 40 weeks (P <0.05) , Collagen fibers are the smallest, so this time the best compliance. CONCLUSION: The content of each component of umbilical vein wall increases unequally with gestational age, and the best vascular compliance is seen at 37 to 40 weeks. Proposed use of this period of gestational age umbilical vein as a graft material.