《性自命出》、《中庸》、《孟子》思想的比较研究

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《性自命出》、《中庸》、《孟子》三者都讨论了性、命问题,都把“性”看作为来自天命的,就这方面说,它们的思想是相通的。但由于它们对“性”各有不同的解释,又有着各自不同的思想特点。《性自命出》以情释性,提出了“喜怒哀悲之气,性也”的思想。《中庸》则受其影响,也以情释性,以喜怒哀乐的情之未发,处于不偏不倚的中态为性。而《孟子》与《性自命出》、《中庸》不同,主张以社会道德观念(道德心)释性,提出了天赋道德观念的人性善思想。这一思想直接来自于《五行篇》。《性自命出》、告子的以生理心理情感欲望释性,最后为荀子所发挥,提出了人性恶的思想,从而形成了战国时期在人性论上的两条不同的发展路向。 “Sexual self-esteem”, “Doctrine of the Mean”, and “Mencius” all discuss sexuality and life issues. All consider “sex” as coming from heavenly fate. In this respect, their thinking is interlinked. However, because of their different interpretations of “sex”, they also have their own different ideological characteristics. “Sexual self-esteem” with emotive, put forward the “mood of sadness and sorrow, sex is also” thought. The “Golden Mean” is influenced by it, and is also based on impartiality and emotionality as an unbiased middleware. Different from Mencius and Sexual Self-Esteem and Golden Mean, Mencius advocated the idea of ​​goodness of humanity based on the concept of morality and morality from the perspective of social morality (morality). This idea comes directly from the “Five Elements.” “Sexual self-esteem”, the proclamation of the physical and psychological emotional desires, and finally played by Xunzi, put forward the idea of ​​evil human nature, thus forming the Warring States period in the theory of human nature on two different directions of development.
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