Inorganic Colloidal Electrolyte for Highly Robust Zinc?Ion Batteries

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Zinc-ion batter-ies (ZIBs) is a promising electrical energy storage candidate due to its eco-friendliness, low cost, and intrin-sic safety, but on the cathode the element dissolution and the forma-tion of irreversible products, and on the anode the growth of dendrite as well as irreversible products hinder its practical application. Herein, we propose a new type of the inorganic highly concentrated colloidal elec-trolytes (HCCE) for ZIBs promoting simultaneous robust protection of both cathode/anode leading to an effective suppression of element dissolution, dendrite, and irreversible products growth. The new HCCE has high Zn2+ ion transference number (0.64) endowed by the limitation of SO42?, the competitive ion conductivity (1.1 × 10–2 S cm?1) and Zn2+ ion diffusion enabled by the uniform pore distribution (3.6 nm) and the limited free water. The Zn/HCCE/α-MnO2 cells exhibit high durability under both high and low current densities, which is almost 100% capacity retention at 200 mA g?1 after 400 cycles (290 mAh g?1) and 89% capacity retention under 500 mA g?1 after 1000 cycles (212 mAh g?1). Considering material sustainability and batteries' high performances, the colloidal electrolyte may provide a feasible substitute beyond the liquid and all-solid-state electrolyte of ZIBs.
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