单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型（HSV－1）引起的单纯疱疹性角膜炎（HSK），是角膜病中的主要致盲原因。因潜伏感染和反复发作而致盲。HSV－1可引起急性感染和潜伏感染。在潜伏期间HSV－1的基因表达和物理状态与在急性感染期间均不相同。在三叉神经节和角膜中发现病毒的基因组和特异的RNA转录，提示角膜中潜伏的HSV－1可能是复发的另一来源。复发是病毒可从港代感染状态激活后再进入溶细胞性感染或基因表达状态。潜伏感染时立刻早期（IE）基因停止转录。有观点认为IE基因转录可启动联级反应导致复发，另有观点认为是一系列的反应着积所致。彻底阐明HSV－1的潜伏和复发机制，是找到防止HSK反复发作而致盲的关键。 Herpes simplex keratitis (HSK), caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), is the leading cause of blinding in corneal diseases. Blindness due to latent infection and repeated attacks. HSV-1 can cause acute infection and latent infection. The gene expression and physical status of HSV-1 during incubation are different from those during acute infection. The discovery of the viral genome and specific RNA transcripts in the trigeminal ganglia and cornea suggests that latent HSV-1 in the cornea may be another source of recurrence. Relapse is the virus can be activated from the state of infection in Hong Kong before entering the cytolytic infection or gene expression status. Latent infection immediately early (IE) gene stop transcription. Some people think that IE gene transcription can start the cascade reaction leading to recurrence, while others believe that it is caused by a series of reaction products. Thoroughly elucidating the mechanism of latent and recurrence of HSV-1 is the key to finding a prevention of recurrent episodes of HSK and blindness.