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目的:建立顶空-固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱(HS-SPME-GC-MS)联用分析艾叶挥发性成分的方法,研究不同因素对萃取效果的影响。方法:先做单因素试验,后采用L8(27)正交试验,以挥发性成分峰面积总和为指标考察最佳萃取条件,并考虑两两交互作用。结果:试验得出最佳萃取条件:样品1.0 g,80℃萃取40 min,100μm聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)萃取头萃取,在250℃解吸附3 min检测,萃取手柄深度规固定在#2。用优化好的方法对艾叶样品进行分析,共分辨出84个色谱峰,准确鉴定出66个成分,占挥发性总成分的94.46%。结论:萃取温度为主要影响因素,其次是萃取温度与样品质量的交互作用,然后是萃取时间,最后是样品质量,除样品质量外其他因素都对萃取效果有显著性影响(P<0.05)。该方法为更好地开发利用艾叶提供依据。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of volatile components in leaves of Artemisia by headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and to study the effects of different factors on the extraction efficiency. Methods: The first single factor test, after using L8 (27) orthogonal test, the peak area of volatile components as the index to investigate the best extraction conditions, and consider the interaction between each two. Results: The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: 1.0 g sample, 40 min extraction at 80 ℃, 100 μm polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) extraction head and desorption at 250 ℃ for 3 min. The depth of the extraction handle was fixed at #2. A total of 84 chromatographic peaks were identified by the optimized method, and 66 components were accurately identified, accounting for 94.46% of the total volatile components. Conclusion: The extraction temperature is the main influencing factor, followed by the interaction between extraction temperature and sample quality, then the extraction time, and finally the sample quality. Except for the sample quality, other factors have a significant effect on the extraction efficiency (P <0.05). The method provides the basis for better development and utilization of leaves.