论文部分内容阅读
高中阶段的普职分流是我国教育分化的关键点。在研究高中阶段的普职分流现象时,以往研究较少探讨普职分流的就业市场回报。本文基于CFPS(2010)的数据,比较了普高、职高毕业生的就业市场表现。研究发现,总体样本中,职高组相对于普高组在市场回报的三个方面(职业声望、职业社会经济地位指数与收入)均具有显著的竞争优势。但在“80后”群体中,职高教育在这三个方面的优势均不显著。并且,在采用倾向值匹配法克服样本选择性差异后,职高组相对于普高组在市场回报上的优势更加不明显了。该结果在一定程度上解释了当下职业教育存在招生难的原因。由此提出建议:发展职业教育至少需在两个方面努力:一是打破现行职高教育体系的封闭性,促进职高教育与高等教育的衔接;二是进一步提升职高教育的比较优势,让职业教育在市场竞争的优势体现出来。
The general secondary division in high school is the key point of education differentiation in our country. In studying the phenomenon of universal secondary school diversion in senior secondary education, the previous studies rarely discussed the return on the job market of universal tertiary education. Based on the data of CFPS (2010), this article compares the job market performance of general and vocational high school graduates. The study found that, in the overall sample, the high-grade group has a significant competitive advantage over the high-grade group in terms of market returns (occupational prestige, occupational socio-economic status index and income). However, in the post-80s group, the advantages of vocational education in these three aspects are not significant. Moreover, after adopting the propensity matching method to overcome the differences in sample selectivities, the superiority of the occupational high group over the general high group in the market return is even more insignificant. To a certain extent, this result explains the reason why current vocational education is difficult to recruit students. Therefore, it is suggested that the development of vocational education at least in two aspects: first, to break the current system of vocational high school closed, promote the convergence of vocational education and higher education; second is to further enhance the comparative advantage of vocational education, so that vocational education in The advantages of market competition are reflected.