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随着列车运行速度的提高,车轮形面损伤问题也日益严重。车轮形面损伤分为踏面剥离、车轮失圆和轮缘磨耗等类型。车轮形面损伤后会导致车辆的不平稳运行,使车辆一方面产生低频、中频和高频的振动,影响车辆的运行平稳性和乘坐舒适性,另一方面会引起车辆内部的噪声,车轮损伤严重时甚至会直接导致车辆脱轨事故的发生。车轮损伤问题是由轮轨接触非对称现象所引起的,轮轨非对称接触分为对称踏面与非对称钢轨的接触、非对称踏面与对称钢轨的接触以及非对称踏面与非对称钢轨的接触三种类型。当车轮形面或钢轨损伤后,就会导致轮轨非对称接触的发生,而轮轨非对称接触又会加剧车轮形面的损伤。为了提高车辆的动力学性能和运行稳定性,必须避免轮轨强非对称接触的发生。
As the train speed increases, the wheel surface damage problem is also getting worse. Wheel surface damage is divided into tread stripping, wheel missing round and rim wear and other types. When the wheel surface is damaged, the vehicle will not run smoothly, causing the vehicle to vibrate at low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency on the one hand, affecting the running stability and riding comfort of the vehicle, on the other hand, it will cause the noise inside the vehicle and the wheel damage Serious even directly lead to the occurrence of vehicle derailment accident. The wheel damage problem is caused by the wheel-rail contact asymmetry. The wheel-rail asymmetrical contact is divided into the contact of symmetrical tread with asymmetrical rail, the contact of asymmetrical tread with symmetrical rail and the contact of asymmetrical tread with asymmetrical rail. Kind of type When the wheel surface or rail damage, it will lead to asymmetrical wheel and rail contact, and wheel-rail contact will aggravate the wheel surface damage. In order to improve the dynamic performance and running stability of vehicles, it is necessary to avoid the occurrence of strong asymmetrical wheel and rail contact.