“二战”期间苏联俘虏了大量战俘,战俘在苏联关押长达十余年之久,战俘的健康状况在很长时期内并不理想,患病率和死亡率偏高,劳动能力欠佳。影响战俘健康的因素主要有:被俘之前很多战俘就已负伤或患有其他疾病,身体非常虚弱;苏联医疗物资短缺,医护人员不足,患者没法得到及时有效的医治;食品供给标准偏低,战俘长期处于半饥饿状态,营养不良是战俘患病和死亡的重要原因;劳动强度偏大,缺乏必要的劳动保护,外伤率偏高。战俘关押条件拥挤、脏乱,缺少必要的取暖设施,很多战俘被冻伤,或是患有其他传染性疾病。 During World War II, the Soviet Union captured a large number of prisoners of war. The prisoner of prisoners were detained in the Soviet Union for more than ten years. The status of prisoners of war was not satisfactory for a long period of time. The prevalence and mortality rates were high, and their labor ability was poor . The main factors affecting the health of prisoners of war are: many prisoners of war have been wounded or suffering from other diseases before being captured, and their bodies are very weak; the medical supplies of the Soviet Union are in short supply, and the number of medical and nursing staffs is inadequate; patients can not be treated promptly and effectively; the food supply standards are low, Prisoners of war have been in a state of semi-hunger for a long time. Malnutrition is an important cause of sickness and death of prisoners of war. Labor intensity is too large, lack of necessary labor protection and high trauma rate. Prisoners of war held prisoners in conditions of overcrowding, dirty conditions, lack of necessary heating facilities, frostbite of many prisoners of war, or other contagious diseases.