苏联解体的普遍原因是精英采取的改革战略与占统治地位的社会信息认知定势相矛盾,与社会对改革的过高期望相背离。放弃传统价值观导致政权失去制度认知优势,以及苏联共产主义意识形态的裂变。社会针对新型价值观、制度合法性和改革策略发生严重分裂。改革者未能抓住巩固全新政治制度和化解危机的机遇,最终导致国家瓦解。 The general reason for the dissolution of the Soviet Union is that the reform strategy adopted by the elites contradicts the dominant social information cognition and departs from the society’s over-expectations for reform. The abandonment of traditional values ​​leads to the loss of the institutional cognitive superiority of the regime and the fission of the Soviet communist ideology. In view of the new values ​​of society, the legitimacy of the system and the reform strategy have been severely divided. The reformers failed to seize the opportunity to consolidate the new political system and defuse the crisis, which eventually led to the collapse of the nation.