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目的观察芦荟凝胶和芦荟粗多糖对烫伤大鼠创面组织含水量及一氧化氮(NO)和内皮素(ET)含量的影响。方法将42只Wistar大鼠背部造成4个直径为3 cm的深Ⅱ度烫伤创面。伤后创面分别外敷质量分数5％芦荟粗多糖膏、质量分数10％芦荟凝胶膏、质量分数1％磺胺嘧啶银(SD-Ag)霜和等渗盐水。根据创面用药的不同分为芦荟粗多糖组、芦荟凝胶组、SD-Ag组、等渗盐水组。伤后4、12、24、48 h及7、14、21 d每时相点处死6只大鼠,取创面全层皮肤测定组织含水量、No和ET含量,计算No／ET值。另取6只大鼠不烫伤,作为正常对照组,检测指标同前。结果伤后12、24、48h,芦荟粗多糖组[(73.4±3．8)％、(76．6±3．0)％、(70．6±3．8)％]和芦荟凝胶组[(74.5±2.6)％、(77．1±3．6)％、(71．2±3．1)%]创面组织含水量显著低于SD-Ag组[(80．1±4．1)％、(80．5±3．9)％、(76．1±3．8)％,P<0．05];伤后7-21 d,除SD-Ag组伤后7 d仍显著高于正常对照组(P<0．05)外,其他各组均基本恢复到正常水平。伤后12 h各烫伤组创面组织NO含量升高达峰值,随后下降,到伤后21d仍显著高于正常对照组(P<0．05);伤后12、24 h,芦荟粗多糖组和芦荟凝胶组创面组织NO含量明显低于SD-Ag组及等渗盐水组(P<0．05)。伤后7 d或14 d各烫伤组创面组织ET含量增加达高峰,随后下降;伤后7、14d均显著高于正常对照组(P<0．05)。伤后12 h各组NO／ET值达峰值,随后下降,伤后14 d基本恢复至正常水平,其中芦荟粗多糖组伤后7 d NO／ET值即恢复至正常水乎,但其他3组仍显著高于正常对照组。结论芦荟粗多糖和芦荟凝胶能有效减少烫伤后早期创面组织NO的释放、优化NO／ET值、减轻血管炎性反应、减少渗出和水肿。
Objective To observe the effects of aloe vera gel and aloe vera polysaccharides on water content, nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET) content in scalded rats. METHODS: Four deep II-degree scald wounds with a diameter of 3 cm were created on the back of 42 Wistar rats. The injured wounds were topically applied with a mass fraction of 5% aloe crude polysaccharide cream, a mass fraction of 10% aloe gel cream, a mass fraction of 1% sulfadiazine silver (SD-Ag) cream and isotonic saline. According to the differences in wound dressings, they were divided into aloe vera polysaccharide group, aloe vera gel group, SD-Ag group and isotonic saline group. Six rats were sacrificed at each time point on 4, 12, 24, 48 and 7, 14, and 21 d after injury. The skin layers were taken to measure the tissue water content, No and ET contents, and the No/ET values were calculated. Another 6 rats were not burned. As a normal control group, the detection index was the same as before. Results At 12h, 24h and 48h after injury, Aloe crude polysaccharide group [(73.4±3.8)%, (76.6±3.0)%, (70.6±3.8)%] and aloe vera gel group [(74.5±2.6)%, (77.1±3.6)%, (71.2±3.1)%] The wound tissue water content was significantly lower than SD-Ag group [(80.1±4.1) )%, (80.5±3.9)%, (76.1±3.8)%, P<0.05]; 7-21 d after injury, except for 7 d after injury in SD-Ag group. Compared with the normal control group (P<0.05), all other groups returned to normal levels. At 12 hours after injury, the NO content in wound tissue of all scald groups peaked and then decreased. It was still significantly higher than normal control group at 21 days after injury (P<0.05). At 12 and 24 hours after injury, the crude polysaccharide group and aloe vera of aloe was increased. The content of NO in wound tissue of gel group was significantly lower than SD-Ag group and isotonic saline group (P<0.05). After 7 days or 14 days, the ET content in the wound tissue of each scald group increased at the peak and then decreased; at 7 and 14 days after injury, the ET content was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P<0.05). At 12 hours after injury, the NO/ET values peaked in each group, then decreased, and returned to normal level on the 14th day after injury. The NO/ET value of the aloe crude polysaccharide group recovered to normal water 7 d after injury, but the other 3 groups. Still significantly higher than the normal control group. Conclusion Aloe vera polysaccharide and aloe vera gel can effectively reduce the release of NO in the wound tissue early after scald, optimize the NO/ET value, reduce the inflammatory reaction of the vasculature, and reduce the exudation and edema.