《了不起的盖茨比》作为“爵士时代”的一首挽歌,其所蕴含的那个时代特有的文化内涵被广泛地分析和研究,本文对“颓废主义”的意识形态和中心思想进行了探索,并把它作为一种根深蒂固的文化现象进行研究,而不仅仅是一场文学运动。特别是将大洋两岸的欧洲大陆和美洲大陆相联系,从社会方面对小说中颓废主义产生的背景进行了探讨。 “The Great Gatsby” as a “Elegy” of “Jazz”, its inherent cultural connotation of that era is widely analyzed and researched. This paper analyzes the ideology and central idea of ​​“Decadentism” Explored it and studied it as a deeply rooted cultural phenomenon, not just a literary movement. In particular, it connects the mainland of Europe on both sides of the ocean and the American continent and discusses the background of the decadence in the novel from the perspective of society.