介绍了一种测量单模光纤剖面折射率分布和色散的新方法光学相关识别方法。应用计算全息制作高斯－拉盖尔模的匹配滤波器，根据光学相关识别原理测出单模光纤场分布的展开系数，由此推得剖面折射率分布和色散，给出了实际测量结果。 A new method of optical correlation identification to measure the refractive index profile and dispersion of single-mode fiber is presented. The Gaussian - Laguerre matched filter was made by using the computational holography, and the expansion coefficient of the single - mode fiber field distribution was measured according to the principle of optical correlation recognition. The refractive index distribution and dispersion of the cross section were deduced, and the actual measurement results were given.