基层医疗是任何一个国家卫生体系的基石,这早已是世界卫生组织及各个国家的共识,其为居民提供首诊的、以人为中心的,连续性、预防性和协调性的健康医疗服务[1]。良好的基层医疗不仅可以改善人群健康,促进医疗的公平性,减少医疗成本,还可以增进医疗的可及性,提高医疗服务质量,更加注重预防与早期治疗[2]。1中国基层医疗的发展历史20世纪50年代,我国发展出一套有效的基层医疗体系,在城市地区分为街道卫生站、社区卫生 Primary care is the cornerstone of any national health system, which has long been the consensus of the World Health Organization and various countries to provide residents with first-aid, people-centered, continuity, preventative and coordinated health services [1 ]. Good primary care can not only improve the health of the population, promote the fairness of medical treatment and reduce the medical costs, but also improve the accessibility of medical services, improve the quality of medical services and pay more attention to prevention and early treatment [2]. 1 History of the Development of Primary Care in China In the 1950s, an effective primary care system was developed in our country. It was divided into street health stations and community health centers in urban areas