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目的探讨汕头市手足口病的流行特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对汕头市2008-2012年手足口病住院病例资料进行分析。结果 2008-2012年汕头市手足口病病例1 689例,重症病例143例,死亡病例9例。每年4-9月为发病高峰。中心城区发病率较周边城区高,发病年龄集中在1~3岁,占总病例数的71.9%。男性发病高于女性,男女比例为1.9:1,且农村男性患儿较城镇男性患儿发病高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.808,P=0.009)。结论汕头市手足口病流行高峰在4-9月,但不同时间的流行季节存在一定的差异。因此,需加强全年度的手足口病监测和诊治工作,有效预防手足口病流行或暴发。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shantou and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of HFMD cases from 2008 to 2012 in Shantou City. Results There were 1 689 HFMD cases in Shantou during 2008-2012, 143 severe cases and 9 deaths. April to September each year as the peak incidence. The incidence rate of central city is higher than that of the surrounding urban areas, and the age of onset is concentrated in 1-3 years old, accounting for 71.9% of the total number of cases. The incidence of males was higher than that of females, the ratio of males to females was 1.9: 1. The incidence of males in rural areas was higher than that of males in urban areas (χ2 = 6.808, P = 0.009). Conclusion The peak of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shantou City was in April-September, but there was a certain difference in the epidemic season at different time points. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and diagnosis and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease in the whole year so as to effectively prevent the outbreak or outbreak of hand-foot-mouth disease.