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[目的]探讨骨折并发脂肪栓塞综合征(FES)动物模型的建立方法和影响因素。[方法]32只新西兰大白兔随机分为模型组(A、B、C组)和对照组(D组),A、B、C组以0.2 ml/min经股静脉注入0.2、0.4、0.8 ml/kg骨髓脂肪,D组注入生理盐水。在注射前(0 h)及注射后1、2、4、6、8 h,行血气分析和血常规检查。注射后8 h处死,观察肺大体改变并行HE、油红O染色。[结果](1)与对照组比较,模型组0.5 h内均出现了呼吸急促等表现,期间B组死亡3只(P>0.05),C组均死亡(P<0.01),A、D两组无死亡;(2)与D组比较,A组动脉血氧分压(PaO_2)最低值为(10.79±1.16)kPa(P>0.05),B组为(6.78±0.93)kPa(P<0.01);(3)注射8 h后,B组肺大体见暗红色肝样变,HE染色见脂肪空泡形成,油红O染色见特异性橘红色脂滴。[结论]B组兔在注射骨髓脂肪2 h后成功地建立了类似骨折并发FES的模型,成功率85%。
[Objective] To explore the methods and influencing factors of animal models of fractures complicated by fat embolism syndrome (FES). [Methods] 32 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into model group (group A, B and C) and control group (group D). Groups A, B and C were injected with 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 ml / kg bone marrow fat, group D injected saline. Before injection (0 h) and 1,2,4,6,8 h after injection, blood gas analysis and blood tests were performed. The rats were killed at 8 hours after injection, and the changes of the lungs were observed in parallel with HE and Oil Red O staining. [Results] (1) Compared with the control group, the model group showed shortness of breath within 0.5 h. During the period, there were 3 deaths in group B (P> 0.05), C (all P <0.01) (2) Compared with group D, the lowest value of PaO_2 in group A was (10.79 ± 1.16) kPa (P <0.05), and that in group B was (6.78 ± 0.93) kPa (P <0.01) ); (3) After 8 hours of injection, the lungs of group B generally showed dark red liver-like changes. The formation of fat vacuoles was observed by HE staining and the specific orange-red lipid droplets were observed by oil red O staining. [Conclusion] The rabbits in group B successfully established a fracture-like FES model with a success rate of 85% after 2 h injection of bone marrow fat.