目前,肿瘤的生物治疗已成为肿瘤治疗的新模式,生物治疗主要包括肿瘤的免疫治疗和基因治疗。从目前国际研究的趋势分析,从实际应用的角度推测,肿瘤的免疫治疗将会有广泛的应用前景。传统的肿瘤免疫治疗是以肿瘤细胞、肿瘤提取物或肿瘤的某一成分为抗原,给肿瘤患者进行接种,通过所激发的特异性肿瘤免疫反应,以达到控制肿瘤的目的。然而,众所周知,在不能确定肿瘤特异性抗原的情况下,所引发的非特异性免疫活动在控制肿瘤生长方面是十分有限的。因此,寻找肿瘤特异性抗原的研究刻不容缓,也是困扰免疫学工作者的主要难题,使得传统 At present, the biological treatment of tumors has become a new model for cancer treatment. Biological treatment mainly includes tumor immunotherapy and gene therapy. From the current international research trend analysis, from the perspective of practical application, it is speculated that tumor immunotherapy will have a wide range of application prospects. Traditional tumor immunotherapy uses tumor cells, tumor extracts, or certain components of tumors as antigens to inoculate tumor patients. Through the specific tumor immune responses that are stimulated, tumors can be controlled. However, it is well known that the non-specific immune activity elicited is very limited in the control of tumor growth in the absence of specific tumor-specific antigens. Therefore, the search for tumor-specific antigens is a pressing task that is also a major problem for immunological workers, making traditional