我国冬小麦生态区划中,南疆属于北方冬小麦区、南疆晚熟冬小麦区。长期生长在这个地区的冬小麦,在环境条件影响下,形成的农家品种,自成一种生态类型——塔里木盆地型。其基本特性是:强冬性、光反应灵敏、高度耐寒耐旱、亦耐干旱风和盐碱;穗部护颖及芒均坚硬,但秆细弱易倒;感染锈病与白粉病。 品种的特性,在一定程度上左右着在特定地区条件下的产量,也决定了栽培上应采取的措施。因此,充分掌握品种特性,对于栽培、育种都有很大的意义。现据南疆各地调查、研究的资料,酌参己意,综合报导于下。 China’s winter wheat ecological zoning, southern Xinjiang belong to the northern winter wheat, southern late winter wheat area. Long-term growth of winter wheat in the region, under the influence of environmental conditions, the formation of a variety of farmers, since the ecological type of a - type of Tarim Basin. Its basic characteristics are: strong winter, light sensitive, highly resistant to cold and drought, also resistant to drought and salinity; spike Ying Ying and Mount are hard, but the stalk is easy to fall; infected with rust and powdery mildew. The characteristics of varieties, to a certain extent, affect the output under certain conditions and also determine the measures to be taken in cultivation. Therefore, fully grasp the characteristics of varieties, for cultivation, breeding are of great significance. According to the survey and research conducted in various places in southern Xinjiang, it is reported as follows.