1973年以来,学者们发现在正常动物和人体内存在一群淋巴细胞,具有不需预先致敏刺激即可迅速识别、接触和杀伤肿瘤细胞、感染了病毒的细胞以及某些幼稚细胞的能力。以后将这些细胞命名为天然杀伤细胞(NK)。1979年以后,对NK的研究逐渐深入到NK的生物学基础,特性及其功能。NK的杀伤功能,受到体内外很多因素的影响,这些因素有物理的、化学的和生物的。种属,遗传性不同和年龄不同,NK细胞来源组织不同,其功能也有差异。本文就NK细胞抗肿瘤免疫作用,以及药物对NK细胞活性的影响作一概要的综述。 Since 1973, scholars have found that there is a group of lymphocytes in normal animals and humans, with the ability to quickly identify, contact and kill tumor cells, infected cells and certain naive cells without pre-sensitization. These cells are later named natural killer (NK) cells. After 1979, NK research gradually deepens to the biological basis of NK, features and functions. The killer function of NK is influenced by many factors in vitro and in vivo that are physical, chemical and biological. Species, hereditary differences and different ages, NK cells from different sources, its function is also different. This article reviews the antitumor immunity of NK cells and the effects of drugs on NK cell activity.