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该文以黄河流域棉花品种区域试验结果为数据源,分析了1999年设立转基因抗虫棉试验以来先后参试的21个春播常规品种和42个杂交种的主要性状参数分布及年度间变化趋势。结果表明:①子棉总产量、株高、黄萎病指分布广泛,铃重、子指、霜前花率、果枝始节、果枝数变幅较小,80%以上的品种上半部平均长度、比强度、麦克隆值符合中绒棉育种目标;②随时间推移,子棉总产量、铃重、霜前花率、纺纱均匀指数有上升趋势,而衣分、子指、上半部平均长度、麦克隆值变化不大,黄萎病指有所降低但仍然偏高;③纤维比强度、黄萎病指是品种达标的制约因子。
In this paper, the regional test results of cotton varieties in the Yellow River Basin were used as data sources to analyze the distribution of main traits and the annual variation trends of 21 spring-sown conventional varieties and 42 hybrids tested since the establishment of transgenic cotton in 1999. The results showed as follows: ①The total yield of seed cotton, plant height and Verticillium wilt were broadly distributed. The boll weight, index finger, flower frost before flowering, Length, specific strength and micronaire value are in line with breeding objectives of mid-cotton; ② Over time, the total output of cotton seed, boll weight, flower before frost, average index of spinning have a rising trend, The average length of the part and the micronaire value did not change much, while the Verticillium wilt decreased but remained high; ③ The fiber specific intensity and Verticillium wilt were the limiting factors of the standard of cultivars.