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【Abstract】Intrinsic Fundamental Frequency （here after IF0） is a universal phonetic effect which discloses the correlation between height and fundamental frequency， whereby high vowels have higher F0 than low vowels. This paper cast light on eight monophthongs （a， ?， ?， ?， ?， u， y， i） in Kaifeng dialect. The result reflects quite clearly the significant difference in F0 between high and low vowels at higher tone. Therefore， the characteristics of IF0 do exist in Kaifeng dialect.
【Key words】IF0； maxF0； vowels； higher tones； Kaifeng dialect
1. Introduction
A correlation between vowel height and fundamental frequency is universal， the essential claim being that high vowels have higher intrinsic fundamental frequency （IF0） than low vowels. Accepting the presupposition that IF0 exists in tone languages， this paper intends to verify it by drawing on new evidence from eight vowels in Kaifeng dialect， which is [a， ?， ?， ?， ?， u， y， i]. If it does exist， this experiment will add evidence to the study of IF0 in tone language as well as help the establishment of Kaifeng dialect system.
2. Method
Test Material. In Kaifeng dialect， there is a total of 8 vowels [a， ?， ?， ?， ?， u， y， i] and the vowels occur in meaningful （C） V monosyllables.
Speakers and Recording. Digital audio recordings were made of 20 native speakers， 10 males and 10 females. Each monosyllabe was placed in a carrier sentence. The speakers were all born and grew up in Kaifeng and even their parents were native speakers too. More importantly， all speakers have no records of hearing difficulties.
Analysis. A total of 960 tokens were analyzed. Due to the fact that consonants before vowels were not designed to be the same one， it is unfeasible to calculate the average F0. Under this circumstance， maximum F0 would be better so that the interference of consonants could be completely excluded. All acoustic analysis of the data were conducted in Praat （Boersma
【Key words】IF0； maxF0； vowels； higher tones； Kaifeng dialect
1. Introduction
A correlation between vowel height and fundamental frequency is universal， the essential claim being that high vowels have higher intrinsic fundamental frequency （IF0） than low vowels. Accepting the presupposition that IF0 exists in tone languages， this paper intends to verify it by drawing on new evidence from eight vowels in Kaifeng dialect， which is [a， ?， ?， ?， ?， u， y， i]. If it does exist， this experiment will add evidence to the study of IF0 in tone language as well as help the establishment of Kaifeng dialect system.
2. Method
Test Material. In Kaifeng dialect， there is a total of 8 vowels [a， ?， ?， ?， ?， u， y， i] and the vowels occur in meaningful （C） V monosyllables.
Speakers and Recording. Digital audio recordings were made of 20 native speakers， 10 males and 10 females. Each monosyllabe was placed in a carrier sentence. The speakers were all born and grew up in Kaifeng and even their parents were native speakers too. More importantly， all speakers have no records of hearing difficulties.
Analysis. A total of 960 tokens were analyzed. Due to the fact that consonants before vowels were not designed to be the same one， it is unfeasible to calculate the average F0. Under this circumstance， maximum F0 would be better so that the interference of consonants could be completely excluded. All acoustic analysis of the data were conducted in Praat （Boersma