目的 :了解当前农村居民的膳食结构及营养状况 ,方法 :通过对重庆市的 188户 5 84名农村居民膳食结构与营养水平进行了一次调查。结果 :热能及多种营养素摄入充足 ,但蛋白质、钙、视黄醇当量、核黄素等摄入量不足 ;动物性脂肪摄入比例很高。膳食结构以谷物、薯类和蔬菜为主 ,豆类、乳类、水产品等消费量极少 ,膳食DDP评分为 78.5 4分。居民消瘦、肥胖构成百分比分别为 16 .8%和 19.8%。贫血检出率为 40 .6 9% ,结论 :农村居民已解决温饱 ,营养状况亟待提高 ,膳食结构正在发生转变 ,但不尽合理。据此提出了相应的营养干预对策 Objective: To understand the current rural residents’ dietary patterns and nutritional status. Methods: A survey was conducted on the dietary patterns and nutritional status of 58848 rural residents in 188 households in Chongqing. Results: The intake of heat and various nutrients was sufficient, but the intake of protein, calcium, retinol and riboflavin was not enough; the proportion of animal fat intake was high. Dietary structure of cereals, potatoes and vegetables, beans, dairy products, aquatic products consumption is minimal, the diet DDP score of 78.5 4 points. Residents wasting, the percentage of obesity was 16.8% and 19.8%. The detection rate of anemia was 40.69%. Conclusion: The rural residents have already solved the problem of food and clothing, the nutritional status needs to be improved, the dietary structure is changing, but it is not reasonable. Accordingly, the corresponding nutrition interventions are proposed