学生身心发展在一定年龄阶段上具有一定的稳定性和普遍性,但由于每个人的生理素质、环境和教育的影响以及个人的努力程度等方面的差异,致使每个年龄阶段中的每个学生的身心发展水平又表现出其特殊性和差异性。第斯多惠指出:“学生的发展水平是教学的出发点”,教师在教学之前或 The physical and mental development of students has a certain degree of stability and universality at a certain age. However, due to differences in the physiological quality of each person, the influence of the environment and education, and the degree of personal effort, each student in each age group is caused. The level of physical and mental development shows its specificity and difference. Thompson Whitman pointed out: “Students’ level of development is the starting point of teaching,” before the teacher or