大豆胞囊线虫对大豆生产的危害连年加重,以轮作等农业措施和化学农药为主的传统防治难以满足现代农业生产的需要,常规的抗性育种和转基因育种又有一定的局限性。近年来RNAi技术的应用为大豆胞囊线虫功能基因组研究及抗线基因工程带来新的突破。通过生物信息学技术筛选潜在的候选靶标基因,合成dsRNA或构建RNA干扰载体,靶基因的dsRNA或siRNA经线虫口针取食被导入体内,进而引发线虫的系统性RNA干扰反应,导致其出现寄生、发育、代谢、运动、繁殖等障碍甚至致死,从而实现对大豆胞囊线虫的抗性。尽管影响RNAi表型变化的因素众多(如dsRNA的剂量、序列长度及结构差异等),但对其关键问题进行分析和修正,做好生态风险评估,RNAi仍是当前线虫基因功能分析和植物抗线虫基因工程方面的重要手段。小RNA测序、amiRNAi技术等都将加快RNAi技术的发展。本文介绍了RNAi在植物寄生线虫中的作用机制及其在抗大豆胞囊线虫植物基因工程中的应用,并对其应用研究中的关键问题和前景进行了讨论。 Soybean cyst nematode harm to soybean production year after year aggravating, to the rotation and other agricultural measures and chemical pesticides based on the traditional control difficult to meet the needs of modern agricultural production, conventional resistance breeding and genetically modified breeding has some limitations. In recent years, the application of RNAi technology for soybean cyst nematode functional genomes and anti-line genetic engineering to bring new breakthroughs. By bioinformatics technology screening of potential candidate target genes, dsRNA synthesis or construction of RNA interference vector, target gene dsRNA or siRNA by nematode needle injection is introduced into the body, which in turn lead to systemic nematode RNAi response, resulting in its occurrence of parasitic , Development, metabolism, exercise, breeding and other obstacles or even death, so as to achieve resistance to soybean cyst nematode. Although many factors affect the phenotypic changes of RNAi (such as the dose, sequence length and structural differences of dsRNA), the key problems are analyzed and revised to make ecological risk assessment. RNAi is still the current analysis of nematode gene function and plant resistance Nematode genetic engineering an important means. Small RNA sequencing, amiRNAi technology will speed up the development of RNAi technology. In this paper, the mechanism of RNAi in plant parasitic nematodes and its application in gene engineering against soybean cyst nematode were introduced. The key problems and prospects in its application were discussed.