目的：小儿骨肿瘤是小儿骨科中的难题，分析其临床、病理和Ｘ线的特点，有助提高其临床诊治水平。材料与方法：对五年１５岁以下的６４例住院小儿骨肿瘤在发病特点包括年龄、部位、肿瘤类型、临床表现以及诊断治疗方面进行分析。结果：小儿骨肿瘤的类型与成人不同，恶性瘤以骨肉瘤、尤文肉瘤为主，早期易发生误诊。９０％的病儿可据平片作出诊断，８０％可作出分类。穿刺活检的阳性率为８６％。骨肉瘤的二年生存率４６％。结论：Ｘ线平片是小儿骨肿瘤诊断的基础，穿刺活检和临床、病理、放射三结合诊断是减少误诊、确立诊断的有效方法，手术前后的化疗是提高骨肉瘤生存率的有效途径。 Objective: pediatric bone tumor is a difficult problem in pediatric orthopedics, and its clinical, pathological and X-ray features can help to improve its clinical diagnosis and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-four hospitalized pediatric bone tumors under 15 years of age were analyzed in terms of their onset characteristics including age, location, tumor type, clinical manifestations and diagnosis and treatment. Results: The type of pediatric bone tumor is different from that of adults. Malignant tumors are mainly osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma, which may be misdiagnosed early. 90% of sick children can be diagnosed according to plain film, 80% can be classified. The positive rate of biopsy was 86%. Two-year survival rate of osteosarcoma 46%. Conclusion: X-ray is the basis of pediatric bone tumor diagnosis. Puncture biopsy and combination of clinic, pathology and radiotherapy are effective methods to reduce misdiagnosis and establish diagnosis. Chemotherapy before and after surgery is an effective way to improve the survival rate of osteosarcoma.