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报道了舟山群岛邻近海域未发生赤潮与发生赤潮时的微、小型浮游植物组成、数量分布、赤潮生物种类与环境的关系。舟山群岛邻近海域共有浮游植物 1 69种 ,其中赤潮生物为 59种。赤潮发生时比未发生赤潮时水域的浮游植物密度高 1 0～ 1 0 0个 /dm3,浮游植物密度与硅酸盐、硝酸盐浓度成负相关 ,与溶解氧和透明度成正相关。平均浮游植物密度 :春季表层水样为4.5× 1 0 4 个 /dm3,底层水样为 5.2× 1 0 3个 /dm3,网样为 2 .7× 1 0 5个 /m3;秋季网样为 3.7× 1 0 6个 /m3。表层水样的赤潮生物优势种 :春季为微型的三鳍原甲藻 ,平均细胞密度为 3.3× 1 0 5个/dm3,占总细胞密度的 77.2 % ;秋季为微型的中肋骨条藻 ,平均密度为 2 .7× 1 0 3个 /dm3,占总细胞密度的 72 .2 %。三鳍原甲藻、海洋原甲藻、夜光藻等为浙江舟山群岛邻近海域常见的有害赤潮生物。
This paper reports the composition and distribution of micro-and small-sized phytoplankton in the adjacent waters of Zhoushan Archipelago without occurrence of red tide and red tide, and the relationship between red tide creature and environment. There are altogether 699 phytoplankton species in the adjacent waters of Zhoushan Archipelago, of which 59 are red tide organisms. The density of phytoplankton was 10 ~ 100 / dm3 higher than that of the waters without red tide when the red tide occurred. The density of phytoplankton was negatively correlated with the concentration of silicate and nitrate, and positively correlated with dissolved oxygen and transparency. The average density of phytoplankton was 4.5 × 10 4 dm 3 in spring and 5.2 × 10 3 / dm 3 in bottom water, and the net sample was 2. 7 × 10 5 / m 3. The autumn net samples were 3.7 × 10 6 / m 3. The red tide biotic dominant species in the surface water samples were: the miniature Trichogramma fuscus in spring, the average cell density was 3.3 × 105 / dm3, accounting for 77.2% of the total cell density; The density was 2. 7 × 10 3 / dm 3, accounting for 72.2% of the total cell density. Prorocentrum trifasciatus, Prorocentrum salina, and noctiluca are the common harmful red tide creatures in Zhoushan Islands, Zhejiang Province.