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本文试图运用图形—背景理论分析英语新闻标题中图形和背景的特征。图形—背景现象以突显原则为基础,指的是大脑把注意力集中在一个有意义的图案上而忽略了周围其他的图案。这当中人们的注意力集中的部分就是图形,而其他被忽略的部分就构成背景。Talmy(1978)率先将图形—背景理论引入语言学研究并总结出语言中图形和背景的定义特征和联想特征,以及一系列的图形—背景原则用来辨析语言中的图形和背景。本文在这些特征和原则的基础上分析出了英语新闻标题中图形和背景的特征。在英语新闻标题中,充当图形的通常是新闻的最新态势、引言、事件结果以及出乎意料的事件。我们同时发现Talmy(2000)关于复杂句中的图形—背景原则包括时序原则、包含原则和依存原则也可用来辨析英语新闻标题中的图形。
This paper tries to analyze the features of graphics and background in English news headlines by using graph-background theory. The graphic-background phenomenon is based on the principle of highlighting, which means that the brain focuses on a meaningful pattern while ignoring the other patterns around it. The central part of the people’s attention is the graphics, while the other neglected parts form the background. Talmy (1978) pioneered the introduction of graph-background theory into linguistic studies and summed up the definitional and associative features of graphics and backgrounds in speech, as well as a series of graphing-background principles used to discriminate graphs and backgrounds in speech. Based on these features and principles, this article analyzes the features of the graphics and backgrounds in English news headlines. In the English news headlines, acting as graphics is usually the latest news trends, introduction, the results of the incident and unexpected events. We also find that Talmy’s (2000) graphic on complex sentences - the background principle includes the timing principle, and the inclusion principle and the dependency principle can also be used to discern graphics in English news headlines.