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美国至今已经完成了1 108座大坝的拆除,由于拆坝过程中库区淤积泥沙的无控制排放或者底泥污染下泻将对下游区域带来多方面的不利影响,因此泥沙管理是拆坝决策制定中的关键内容。拆坝时可以选择的泥沙处置方法主要有3种:河流侵蚀法、原地保留法和机械清除法。通过对不同方法及其优缺点的分析,以便针对具体情况制定出最为合理的泥沙管理方案,将不利影响最小化,以期实现最佳的拆坝泥沙处置效果。
The United States has so far completed the dismantling of 1,108 dams. As a result of uncontrolled discharge of sediment in the reservoir area during demolition of dams or sediment pollution and sedimentation, it will have many adverse effects on the downstream areas. Therefore, Dam decision-making in the key elements. Sediment disposal can choose when there are three main methods of disposal: river erosion, in situ retention and mechanical removal method. Through the analysis of different methods and their advantages and disadvantages, we can formulate the most reasonable sediment management scheme according to the specific conditions, and minimize the adverse impacts so as to achieve the best dismantlement effect of dam removal.