人们总是惊叹德国制造的精细。但是德国经验表明,教育必须符合社会分工对人才的需求和受教育者的智力类型差异以及个人兴趣。通过职业教育与普通教育协调发展,形成多元化人才结构,才能全面提升国家创新能力和国际竞争能力。就德国而言,合理的教育结构是年轻人中30%接受普通高等教育,70%接受职业教育。因为如果高科技人才过多,超过国家对人才的需求,必然导致人才外流和浪费;而缺乏杰出的产业工 People are always amazed by the fineness made in Germany. However, German experience shows that education must meet the needs of talented people in the social division of labor and the type of intelligence of individuals who are educated and their personal interests. Through the coordinated development of vocational education and general education and the formation of a diversified talent structure, we can comprehensively enhance the national innovation capability and international competitiveness. In the case of Germany, a reasonable educational structure is that 30% of young people have regular higher education and 70% receive vocational education. Because if there are too many high-tech professionals, exceeding the national demand for qualified personnel will inevitably lead to brain drain and waste; and the lack of outstanding industrial workers