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【目的】从经济和环境效益角度筛选适宜当地种植的间作模式。【方法】在洱海北部地区罗时江边上关镇兆邑村开展田间小区试验,样品经室内分析后,依据所得数据分析不同间作模式农田养分平衡、经济效益、商品品质及土壤养分残留状况。采用主观赋权和客观赋权相结合的方法,确定经济效益、商品品质和土壤氮磷残留4个因素作为间作模式中影响经济和环境效益的指标集,将指标作为基础数据,运用模糊综合评价方法对不同间作模式进行评价。【结果】蚕豆和大蒜按1﹕3比例间作在14种间作模式中综合得分最高,是兼顾经济和环境效益的环境友好型种植模式。其次为洋葱和大蒜1﹕3比例间作模式,得分0.624,经济效益好,但环境效益略差。黑麦草和大蒜1﹕3比例间作模式的得分0.609,排第三,环境效益较优,但经济效益偏低。得分最低的为油菜和大蒜1﹕1比例间作模式,得分0.084,该模式主要由于作物搭配不适,导致经济和环境效益均偏低。【结论】蚕豆和大蒜按1﹕3比例间作是适宜当地种植的经济、环境效益双赢模式。
【Objective】 The objective of this study is to screen suitable intercropping patterns for local planting from the perspective of economic and environmental benefits. 【Method】 Field trials were conducted in Siuyi Village, Shangguan Town, Luo River in the northern part of Erhai Lake. After laboratory analysis, the nutrient balance, economic benefits, commodity quality and soil nutrient residues of farmland under different intercropping patterns were analyzed. Using the combination of subjective empowerment and objective empowerment, four factors of economic benefit, commodity quality and residual nitrogen and phosphorus in soil were selected as the index sets that affect economic and environmental benefits in intercropping mode. The indicators were taken as the basic data and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation Methods Different intercropping modes are evaluated. 【Result】 The results showed that the comprehensive score of faba bean and garlic at the ratio of 1: 3 was the highest in 14 intercropping patterns, which was an environmentally friendly planting mode that took both economic and environmental benefits into account. Followed by onions and garlic 1: 3 ratio intercropping model, scoring 0.624, good economic returns, but slightly worse environmental benefits. Ryegrass and garlic ratio of 1: 3 intercropping score 0.609, ranked third, better environmental benefits, but low economic benefits. The lowest score for rape and garlic 1: 1 ratio intercropping model, score 0.084, the model is mainly due to crop discomfort, resulting in lower economic and environmental benefits. 【Conclusion】 The 1: 3 ratio of faba bean and garlic is the win-win economic and environmental benefits suitable for local planting.