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对位于内蒙古草原的某大型铜钼矿采选矿区土壤和尾矿库区周围土壤的重金属污染状况进行了调查研究。单项污染评价结果表明,矿区土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、As、Hg、Ni、Pb和Mo 8种重金属元素的含量均低于国家土壤环境质量Ⅱ级标准限值;与内蒙古呼伦贝尔盟土壤重金属背景值相比较,8种元素均有不同程度的超标,超标率介于25.85%~100%,但超标倍数较低,从侧面说明了有色金属铜钼矿的开发对土壤环境造成了累积污染,但由于开发年限较短(2009年建成投产),累积污染并不严重。内梅罗综合污染评价结果表明,矿区147件土壤样品累积综合污染指数P_N在1以上(轻度污染以上)的有95件,所占比例为64.63%,说明矿区土壤已经受到不同程度的重金属累积污染。重金属含量纵向分布结果表明,表层土壤的重金属含量高于深层土壤。由于矿区周边地势较为平坦开阔,故该地区主导风向对矿区不同方位土壤重金属污染水平影响较为显著。
Heavy metal pollution in soils around the soil and tailing ponds of a large copper-molybdenum ore mining and dressing area in Inner Mongolia grassland was investigated. The results of single pollution evaluation showed that the content of heavy metal elements such as Cd, Cr, Cu, As, Hg, Ni, Pb and Mo in the mining area was lower than the national standard Ⅱ grade of soil environmental quality. Compared with the heavy metal background of the soil in Hulun Buir League of Inner Mongolia, Compared with the value of the eight kinds of elements, all the eight kinds of elements exceeded the standard in some degree, and the exceeding standard rate ranged from 25.85% to 100%, but the over standard multiple was low, which indicated that the development of nonferrous metal copper and molybdenum caused cumulative pollution to the soil environment. Due to the short development period (put into operation in 2009), cumulative pollution is not serious. Nemerow comprehensive pollution evaluation results show that 147 soil samples in the mining area cumulative integrated pollution index P_N above 1 (slightly more than mild pollution), 95, the proportion of 64.63%, indicating that the mining soil has been subject to varying degrees of heavy metal accumulation Pollution. Longitudinal distribution of heavy metals showed that the contents of heavy metals in surface soil were higher than those in deep soil. Due to the relatively flat topography around the mining area, the dominant wind direction in this area has a significant impact on the levels of soil heavy metal pollution in different orientations in the mining area.