一堂堂中华是世界四大文明古国之一,是文物荟萃之地,留存在社会上和地下发掘出来的历史文化遗物丰富多彩,难以数计。“工欲善其事,必先利其器”。要做好历史研究和历史教学工作,应该充分重视和运用文物这个“利器”。古人也懂得这一道理,不过是经历了很长时间才认识到的。教育家兼史学家孔子在进行古史教育时,深感文献不足,除了向杞、宋等地访求外,还到鲁国太庙中调查过古器物。隋唐以来,历史研究中开始了对古文物及刻辞的研究,宋代发展成了“金石学”的专门学科。欧阳修的 China is one of the world’s four ancient civilizations, is a blend of cultural relics, retained in society and underground excavated historical and cultural relics rich and colorful, it is difficult to count. “Workers want good things, must first sharpen.” To do well in historical research and historical teaching, we should give full attention to and use the “weapon” of cultural relics. The ancients also understand this truth, but only after a long time came to realize. As an educator and historian, Confucius was deeply impaired in his literature on the study of ancient history. In addition to his visit to Qi and Song, he also investigated ancient artifacts in the Imperial Temple of Lu Gu. Since the Sui and Tang dynasties, the study of ancient relics and inscriptions began in the study of history, and the Song Dynasty developed into a specialized discipline of “petrology.” Ouyang Xiu’s