目的探讨EBV与鼻咽癌发生发展关系及其临床病理意义、方法应用原位杂交技术检测76例鼻咽癌石蜡切片组织中EBER-1表达及分布状况。结果正常鼻咽粘膜上皮及其单纯性增生、鳞状化生上皮和头颈部其它肿瘤EBER＿1均阴性，鼻咽癌组织中EBER-1表达率为97．4%（74／76），且在转移灶中不丢失。鼻咽异型增生上皮亦可表达EBER＿1阳性信号（15／18）。结论EBV与鼻咽癌关系十分密切，EBV可能在鼻咽上皮向恶性转化过程中起重要作用。检测EBER-1对鼻咽癌诊断与鉴别诊断有重要价值。鼻咽上皮异型增生尤其是EBER-1间性者应认为是高危癌前病变，应密切随访监测可能有利于早期发现鼻咽癌。 Objective To investigate the relationship between EBV and the occurrence and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its clinicopathological significance. Methods In situ hybridization was used to detect the expression and distribution of EBER-1 in paraffin-embedded tissues of 76 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Results In normal nasopharyngeal mucosa epithelium and its simple hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia and other head and neck cancers, EBER_1 were all negative. The expression rate of EBER-1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 97.4% (74/76) Metastasis is not lost. Nasopharyngeal dysplasia epithelium also express EBER 1 positive signal (15/18). Conclusion EBV has a close relationship with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. EBV may play an important role in the malignant transformation of nasopharyngeal epithelium. Detection of EBER-1 on the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has important value. Nasopharyngeal epithelial dysplasia, especially EBER-1 interstitial disease, should be considered as high-risk precancerous lesions should be closely followed monitoring may be conducive to the early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.