【目的】了解学龄前儿童斜、弱视患病情况,为其防治、保护儿童视力提供依据。【方法】对武汉市、十堰市、公安县等28所幼儿园9028名学龄前儿童进行了斜视及弱视的抽样调查。【结果】弱视的检出率2.61％,与国内其它各家报告相似,斜视检出率为0.84％,略低于其他报告。【结论】弱视是影响儿童视觉发育的主要原因,对学龄前儿童视力、眼位、屈光状态的普查应引起高度重视。 【Objective】 To understand the prevalence of presbyopia and amblyopia in preschool children and provide basis for prevention and treatment of children’s vision. 【Method】 A total of 9028 pre-school children from 28 kindergartens in Wuhan City, Shiyan City and Gong’an County were surveyed for strabismus and amblyopia. 【Results】 The detection rate of amblyopia was 2.61%. Similar to other domestic reports, the detection rate of strabismus was 0.84%, slightly lower than other reports. 【Conclusion】 Amblyopia is the main reason affecting the visual development of children. The survey of presbyopic children’s eyesight, eye position and refractive status should be paid more attention.