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附加式“子”缀量词是中古出现,在近代汉语广泛使用的量词类型,《红楼梦》代表着中国古典小说创作的最高成就,不光具有丰厚的文学价值,同时,还反映了中国近代汉语晚期(十八世纪)口语和书面语的发展情况,其中的附加式“子”缀量词既体现了它由近代汉语向现代汉语的过渡,同时,也体现出不同于同时期其他文学作品的特色。本文通过共时层面的比较和历时层面的延伸,探讨附加式“子”缀量词发展和在现代汉语消失、弱化的原因,并通过穷尽式搜索,整理出《红楼梦》中带有词缀“子”的十七个专有量词结构,在描述的同时,总结其特点规律,探讨其与现代汉语量词的不同。
Additional “sub” addendum is a kind of quantifier widely used in Middle Ages and widely used in modern Chinese. “A Dream of Red Mansions” represents the highest achievement of Chinese classical novels, not only has rich literary value, but also reflects modern Chinese The development of spoken and written language in the later period (18th century), in which the additional “sub” suffixes not only embodies its transition from modern Chinese to modern Chinese, but at the same time reflects different from other literary works in the same period Features. This article explores the reasons for the development of the additional “sub” -decodes and its disappearance and weakening in modern Chinese through the comparison of synchronic level and the extension of diachronic level. Through the exhaustive search, At the same time, it summarizes the characteristics and laws of the seventeen exclusive quantifier structures of “Zi”, and discusses the differences between them and those of modern Chinese.