论文部分内容阅读
目的了解辽宁省盘锦市2014年室外空气污染类型及对小学生呼吸系统健康影响情况。方法根据盘锦市2010—2014年工业区、交通区、清洁区大气监测结果,2014年12月选取距空气监测点直线距离<1 km学校小学生共1 853人作为调查对象。采用国际统一标准问卷美国胸科协会(ATS)调查表。对小学生呼吸系统疾病和症状以及空气污染状况等方面进行调查。结果工业区和交通区的PM10、二氧化硫、二氧化氮指标均高于清洁区(P<0.01)。持续咳嗽、持续咳痰、喘鸣比例与相应月份空气污染程度呈现正相关(P<0.05)。当沿街住房与交通干线的距离<5 m时,沿街居住的小学生患有呼吸道症状、持续咳嗽比例较高(OR=2.33,95%CI=1.18~4.61、OR=4.49,95%CI=2.18~9.27)。结论交通污染、冬季燃煤污染是北方城市主要空气污染类型,空气污染可加重具有易感因素小学生呼吸系统疾病及症状的发生。
Objective To understand the types of outdoor air pollution in 2014 in Panjin City, Liaoning Province and the impact on respiratory health of primary school students. Methods According to the atmospheric monitoring results of industrial area, traffic area and clean area from 2010 to 2014 in Panjin City, 1 853 schoolchildren with straight line distance <1 km away from the air monitoring point were selected as the survey objects in December 2014. Using the International Harmonized System questionnaire American Thoracic Society (ATS) questionnaire. Investigate primary school student’s respiratory system diseases and symptoms and air pollution status. Results The indexes of PM10, SO2 and NO2 in industrial area and traffic area were higher than those in clean area (P <0.01). Continuous cough, persistent sputum, wheezing and the corresponding monthly air pollution showed a positive correlation (P <0.05). When the distance between residential buildings on the street and the traffic artery was less than 5 m, primary school students living along the street had respiratory symptoms and sustained cough (OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.18-4.61, OR = 4.49, 95% CI = 9.27). Conclusions Traffic pollution and coal-burning pollution in winter are the main types of air pollution in northern cities. Air pollution may aggravate the respiratory diseases and symptoms of primary school students with predisposing factors.