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肥料作为重要的生产资料,是农业可持续发展的物质基础,农业发展离不开肥料产业的支撑;推进农业供给侧结构性改革,肥料产业是绕不过去的一个环节。当前我国肥料产业面临着传统肥料产能过剩、不合理施肥导致的资源能源浪费、环境污染、耕地退化、农产品质量安全等一系列问题,行业发展亟待破局。文章从基层肥料市场和农业生产调研入手,以肥料产业支撑农业供给侧结构性调整的角度,较系统地阐释了我国肥料产业的现状、问题,提出了肥料和土壤调理剂产业可持续发展应以推进农业供给侧结构性改革为主线,以市场为导向,以满足国家粮食安全、优质绿色农产品供给、增加农民收入为主要目标的对策建议。
As an important means of production, fertilizer is the material basis for the sustainable development of agriculture. The development of agriculture is inseparable from the support of the fertilizer industry. The structural reform of the agricultural supply side and the fertilizer industry are not a part of the past. At present, China’s fertilizer industry is confronted with a series of problems such as overcapacity of traditional fertilizers, waste of resources and energy resulting from irrational fertilization, environmental pollution, degradation of cultivated land, and quality and safety of agricultural products. The development of the industry urgently requires breaking through. This article starts with the research on grassroots fertilizer market and agricultural production, and systematically explains the status quo and problems of fertilizer industry in China from the perspective of the structural adjustment of fertilizer industry supporting agricultural supply. The author puts forward that the sustainable development of fertilizer and soil conditioner should be based on Promote structural reform of agricultural supply-oriented main line, market-oriented, to meet the national food security, supply of high-quality green agricultural products, increase the income of farmers as the main objective of the countermeasures and suggestions.