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为了探讨不同抗性水平砧木及品种对根瘤蚜吸引及驱避效应以及鉴定挥发性物质组分,采用离体根段培养法测定葡萄根瘤蚜Phylloxera viticolaFitch对砧木5BB,140Ru及栽培品种巨峰的选择性,发现根瘤蚜对栽培品种巨峰的根段具有很强的选择性,至接种后3d,67.13%的根瘤蚜优先选择巨峰;而对5BB和140Ru的选择性却很差,分别有15.29%和17.58%的根瘤蚜选择5BB及140Ru。根瘤蚜在不同品种根段上的生长发育和繁殖也存在明显差异。对砧木5BB和巨峰根系的挥发性组分进行测定,发现2个品种挥发物独有组分数量均较高,巨峰独有组分为23个,占总成分数的48.94%,5BB的独有组分为32个,占总成分数的57.14%。5BB和巨峰的共有组分为24个,主要成分均为亚油酸甲酯和反油酸甲酯,但含量有所不同,其中,5BB以倍半萜类的丁香醇及脂肪酸甲酯类的亚油酸甲酯,反油酸甲酯,棕榈油酸甲酯含量较高,高于巨峰中相应物质含量的4.23%~6.46%,而巨峰以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯及胆甾烷含量较高,分别高于5BB相应组分含量的6.81%和1.07%。结果说明葡萄根瘤蚜对不同抗性水平砧木及品种确实存在不同的选择性,并且不同抗性水平的砧木及品种的挥发性物质存在显著差异。
In order to investigate the attraction and repellent effect of rootstocks and cultivars on the phylloxera and the identification of the volatile components in different resistance levels, rootstock culture was used to determine the selectivity of Phylloxera viticola Fitch to the giant peaks of 5BB, 140Ru and cultivars , And found that the phylloxera aphid had a strong selectivity to the roots of the cultivated species Kao Feng. By the third day after inoculation, 67.13% of the phylloxera aphids preferentially selected the kurtosis, while the selectivity for 5BB and 140Ru was very poor, 15.29% and 17.58% % Of phylloxera selected 5BB and 140Ru. There were also significant differences in the growth, development and reproduction of Phytophthora aphids on different varieties of roots. The volatile components of rootstocks 5BB and Jufeng root were determined. The results showed that the volatile components of the two cultivars were higher than that of the other components. The unique components of Jufeng were 23, accounting for 48.94% of the total components. The unique Composition of 32, accounting for 57.14% of the total number of components. 5BB and Jufeng had 24 common components, the main components were methyl linoleate and methyl oleate, but the contents were different. Among them, 5BB was composed of sesquiterpene and fatty acid methyl esters Methyl linoleate, methyl oleate and palmitoleate were higher than 4.23% ~ 6.46% of the corresponding substances in Jufeng, while Jufeng had higher contents of dibutyl phthalate and cholestane Higher than the corresponding components of 5BB 6.81% and 1.07% respectively. The results showed that grape phylloxera had different selectivities to rootstocks and cultivars with different resistance levels, and there were significant differences in volatiles of rootstocks and cultivars with different resistance levels.