游民是中国传统社会中被抛出士农工商诸固定职业之外的社会边缘群体,它历史悠久,影响深远。中国古代经济发展的迟滞和社会结构的僵固及其相应的文化不能适应人口激增,是产生大量游民的根本原因。宋代以后,由于商业的发展,人口的激增以及上层士族的没落,游民开始形成群体并与下层知识分子结合,从而形成游民知识分子。作为游民的代言人,游民知识分子创作了大量的作品来反映游民的心理、行动,这些作品又影响了下层民众,之后又逐步扩展到上层社会,从而形成了游民文化和游民意识。 It has a long history and far-reaching impact on the marginalized social groups that have been thrown out of traditional occupations in the traditional Chinese society. The sluggish economic development in ancient China and the rigid social structure and its corresponding culture can not adapt to the surge in population, which is the root cause of the large number of tourists. After the Song Dynasty, due to the development of commerce, the surge in population and the declining of upper-class families, the wanderers began to form groups and combine with the lower-level intellectuals to form the nomadic intellectuals. As a spokesman for the tourists, the Yugoslav intellectuals have produced a large number of works to reflect the mentality and actions of the tourists. These works have also affected the lower-class people and then gradually expanded to the upper-class society, thus forming the culture of the tourists and the awareness of the tourists.