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伴随镜像神经元的发现,读心问题在认知神经科学时代迎来了复兴.基于镜像神经元的发现及其功能的系统探索,运动共振理论试图论证:观察者脑中表征该动作知觉信息的知觉表征系统和表征该动作的运动表征系统之间无需其他中介就能直接进行信息的交换.由此,镜像神经元活动产生的运动共振可以实现对他人动作的识别与理解,从而实现执行者与观察者动作意图(或情绪体验)之间的直接匹配.虽然该理论得到了来自无创脑刺激技术、失用症、布洛卡失语症以及自闭症领域内证据的支持,但随着对运动共振可塑性及其发生学的认识不断深入,来自联想假说的挑战已经威胁到运动共振的基础假设.运动共振受到情境、社会与文化因素的影响,而不是一自动化、直通的理解他心方式.来自实证的挑战与来自理论的困境显示,运动共振并非理解动作的充要条件,大脑中可能存在多条通路可以实现读心.未来,需要将运动共振放置于延展的镜像神经元系统背景中予以考察,并借助颅内脑电记录等新技术来确认运动共振理论的核心假设是否成立.
With the discovery of mirror neurons, the mind-reading problem ushers in a revival in the age of cognitive neuroscience.Furthermore, based on the discovery of mirror neurons and the systematic exploration of their functions, the motion resonance theory attempts to demonstrate that the perceptual information characterizing this motion in the observer’s brain There is no need for other agents to exchange information directly between the system of perceptual representation and the motion characterization system that characterizes the motion, thus the motion resonance caused by the mirror neuron activity can realize the recognition and comprehension of the action of others, A direct match between observer action intent (or emotion experience) .Although the theory is supported by evidence from noninvasive brain stimulation techniques, apraxia, bruxism aphasia and autism, The understanding of resonance plasticity and its genesis continues to deepen, and the challenge from the associative hypothesis has threatened the underlying assumptions of motor resonance, which is influenced by situational, social and cultural factors rather than an automated and straightforward way of understanding it. Empirical challenges and dilemmas from theory show that exercise resonance is not a necessary and sufficient condition for understanding movements, There are multiple paths can be achieved mind-reading future, needs to be placed on the movement resonance mirror neuron system in the context of the extension to be investigated, and with the new technology intracranial EEG records to confirm the theory of motion resonance core assumption holds.