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目的探讨普外科不同年资护士的社会支持、心理健康水平及总体幸福感的差异及其关系。方法将江苏省滨海县人民医院120名普外科护士按护龄高低分为1~5 a(低龄组,51名)、6~10 a(中龄组,39名)和11~16 a(高龄组,30名),采用社会支持评定量表、90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)、主观幸福感量表(SWS)进行问卷调查,并采用偏相关分析和结构方差模型分析三者间的关系。结果普外科不同护龄护士社会支持、心理健康水平和主观幸福感评分间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),除心理健康水平的躯体化、偏执因子评分外,低龄组各因子评分显著低于中龄组评分,高于高龄组评分,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。SCL-90总分、人际关系、抑郁和焦虑因子评分与社会支持总分和各因子分均呈显著负相关,SWS的生活满意度、积极情绪和主观幸福感评分呈显著负相关,与消极情绪评分呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。社会支持总分和各因子分与SWS生活满意度、积极情绪和主观幸福感评分呈显著正相关,与消极情绪评分呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。结构方程模型显示,心理健康水平在社会支持与主观幸福感中起部分中介效应(P<0.01)。结论普外科6~10 a护龄护士社会支持最低,心理健康损害程度最重,主观幸福感降低最严重,且社会支持通过中介因素心理健康水平影响主观幸福感。
Objective To explore the differences and relationships between social support, mental health and general well-being of nurses in different age groups in general surgery. Methods A total of 120 general nurses from Binhai County People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province were divided into five groups according to the age of nursing: 1 ~ 5 years (in the younger age group, 51 patients), 6 ~ 10 days (middle age group, 39 patients) and 11 ~ Group, 30), questionnaire survey was conducted using social support rating scale, 90 symptom checklist (SCL-90) and subjective well-being scale (SWS), and partial correlation analysis and structural variance model were used to analyze the three Relationship between. Results The scores of social support, mental health and subjective well-being of general nurses in different age groups were significantly different (P <0.01). Except for somatization and paranoid factor scores of mental health, the score of each age group was significantly lower The score of middle age group was higher than that of senior age group (all P <0.05). SCL-90 score, interpersonal relationship, depression and anxiety scores were significantly and negatively correlated with the total score of social support and each factor, negatively correlated with life satisfaction, positive emotion and subjective well-being score of SWS, negative emotion Score was significantly positive correlation (P <0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between social total score and each factor score and SWS life satisfaction, positive emotion and subjective well-being score, and negative emotion score (P <0.01). The structural equation model shows that the level of mental health plays a partial mediating role in social support and subjective well-being (P <0.01). Conclusion The 6-10-year nursing nurses in general surgery have the lowest social support, the most severe mental health damage, the worst subjective well-being, and the social support affects the subjective well-being through the mental health of intermediary factors.