等效法是把复杂的物理现象、物理过程转化为简单的物理现象、物理过程来研究和处理的一种科学思想方法.它是物理学研究的一种重要方法.在中学物理中,合力与分力、合运动与分运动、总电阻与分电阻、平均值、有效值等,都是根据等效概念引入的.常见的等效法有“分解”、“合成”、等效类比、等效替换、等效变换,等效简化等.匀强电场有许多性质与重力场非常相似,所以在有些电场问题解题的过程中,可以将电场与重力场加以比较,将匀强电场等效类比为重力场中熟悉的模型问题.按照重力 Equivalence is a scientific way of thinking that transforms complex physical phenomena and physical processes into simple physical phenomena and physical processes, and is an important method in physics research. Force, combined movement and sub-movement, total resistance and resistance, average, RMS, etc., are introduced according to the concept of equivalence. Commonly used equivalent methods are “decomposition”, “synthesis”, equivalent analogy , Equivalent Substitution, Equivalent Transformation, Equivalent Simplification, etc. There are many properties of uniform electric field that are very similar to the gravity field, so that in the process of solving some electric field problems, the electric field can be compared with the gravity field, The equivalent analogy is a familiar model problem in the gravitational field, according to gravity