评杨兆贵《〈鹖冠子〉新论》

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自上世纪七十年代长沙马王堆帛书出土以来,由于《经法》等四篇有不少文句与《鹖冠子》相同或相近,《鹖冠子》不再像传统一样被视为伪书。海内外学界有几本专门研究《鹖冠子》的专著,主要有孙福喜《〈鹖冠子〉研究》、戴卡琳《解读〈鹖冠子〉》、杨兆贵《〈鹖冠子〉新论》,还有不少论文。孙书大部分内容说明历代《鹖冠子》学的情况,戴书主要分析了传统认为《鹖冠子》是伪书的原因,进而提出质疑,并从措词明理的角度来分析《鹖冠子》的政治理念。杨书根据先秦古书通例来论述,认为《鹖冠子》不是鹖冠子一人所著,也不是反映鹖冠子一人的思想,它应是一个学派的作品总汇。该书上编从思想主体、成篇年代、学派归属分章逐篇考证《鹖冠子》其中十篇,下编总其成,从主要三方面——《鹖冠子》其书与其人的关系、鹖冠子的理想政治论(这是《鹖冠子》思想最有特色且是最重要的部分)、《鸦冠子》的形上学及其在思想史的地位来论证。这样,《鹖冠子》的历史原貌、学派归属、历史地位得以恢复。文章还根据《鹖冠子》一书涉及的方方面面和其它论文进行比较,指出杨书创新之处。 Since the excavated silk book of the Mawangdui in Changsha in the 1970s, since many of the four articles such as “the Fa” are the same or similar to the “Kui Guan Zi”, the “Kui Guan Zi” is no longer regarded as a false book . At home and abroad, there are a few monographs devoted to the study of “Guanzaizi”, mainly including Sun Fuxi’s Study of , Daikalin’s Interpretation , Yang Zhaogui’s < , There are many papers. Most of Sun’s book shows the history of the “Crown Prince” learning. Dai mainly analyzed the reasons why “Crown Prince” was a traditional book and questioned it. From the perspective of wording, Political philosophy. According to the general practice of the ancient books in the pre-Qin period, Yang Shu thought that “Guanzhengzi” is not the one who holds the title of Guanzheng, nor does it reflect the thought of Guanziyizu. It should be the confluence of the works of one school. The book compiled from the main body of thought, into articles, school affiliations chapter by chapter research “Guanzaizi” of which ten, the next series of the total, into three main areas - “Guanzaizi” its book and its people Relationship, the ideal political theory of the crown prince (this is the most distinctive and important part of the prince’s crown princehood), the metaphysics of the crow crown prince and its status in the history of thought. In this way, the original appearance of the “crown prince”, school of attribution and historical status were restored. The article is also based on “Crown Prince,” a book covers all aspects and other papers are compared, pointing out that Yang book innovation.
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