中国1999年启动的公立科研机构分类改革,将应用型科研机构转制成为市场主体运行,其他公益性强的科研机构按照现代院所治理体系管理。改革至今,这些科研机构的发展状态如何,科研机构分类改革的政策目标是否真正实现?本文构建“使命定位—运行模式—治理结构”三维分析框架,对这些科研机构开展了实证调查研究。研究结果表明:我国公立科研机构改革虽然取得了重要的成果,但公益和转制科研机构在使命定位、运行模式、治理结构等方面仍然存重要的发展障碍,公益科研机构和转制科研机构尚未形成各自成熟的发展模式,现代科研院所体系建设任重道远。 The reform of the classification of public research institutes started in 1999 in China transformed the applied research institutes into the market players and the other research institutions with strong public interests were managed in accordance with the management system of modern institutions. From the reform to the present, what are the state of development of these scientific research institutes and whether the policy goals of scientific research institutions classified reform are really fulfilled? This paper constructs the three-dimensional analysis framework of “mission orientation-operation mode-governance structure” and carries out empirical research on these scientific research institutes. The results show that although the reform of public scientific research institutions in our country has achieved important results, public welfare and transformation scientific research institutes still have important obstacles to development in the aspects of mission orientation, operation mode and governance structure. Public scientific research institutes and transformation scientific research institutes have not formed their own Mature model of development, the system of modern research institutes a long way to go.