【目的】观察中药骨康含药血清对肾阳虚型骨质疏松症患者成骨细胞细胞因子骨保护素(OPG)、核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)mRNA表达的影响。【方法】取6月龄体质量2.5～3.0 kg的新西兰大耳白兔4只,雌雄各半,随机分为2组(中药骨康组、空白对照组),每组2只;分别灌服骨康煎剂4.2 g.kg-1.d-1,以及等容积生理盐水,连续灌胃共7 d,最后1次灌胃2 h后所有动物进行心脏采血,收集血清备用。分离并传代培养肾阳虚骨质疏松症患者成骨细胞,取第2代,制成2×105/mL的细胞悬液。实验组分别加入低、中、高不同浓度(体积分数5%、10%、20%)的骨康含药血清进行干预,空白对照组仅加培养液,继续培养。48 h后采用Trizol一步法提取总RNA,然后采用逆转录—聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测OPG、RANKL mRNA的表达。【结果】骨康低、中、高浓度组OPG mRNA表达量显著上升,与空白对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);骨康中浓度组与骨康低浓度组、骨康高浓度组与骨康中浓度组组间分别比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);骨康含药血清以体积分数5%、10%、20%浓度递增时,RANKL mRNA的表达量显著下降,与空白对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),骨康中浓度组与骨康低浓度组、骨康高浓度组与骨康低浓度组组间RANKL mRNA表达量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】骨康可以上调肾阳虚骨质疏松症患者体外培养成骨细胞OPG mRNA的表达,下调RANKL mRNA的表达。 【OBJECTIVE】 To observe the effects of Gukang Herbal Serum on the expression of OPG and RANKL mRNA in osteoporosis patients with deficiency of kidney yang. 【Methods】 Four New Zealand white rabbits, 2.5 months old and 3.0 kg weight, were randomly divided into 2 groups (Gukang group and blank control group), 2 in each group. Gukang decoction 4.2 g.kg-1.d-1, and an equal volume of saline, continuous gavage for 7 d, the last 1 g 2 h after the heart blood for all animals collected serum reserve. Isolation and subculture osteoporosis patients with osteoporosis of kidney yang, take the second generation, made of 2 × 105 / mL cell suspension. Experimental group were added low, medium and high concentrations of different concentrations (volume fraction of 5%, 10%, 20%) of GuKang drug serum for intervention, the blank control group only with medium, continue to culture. After 48 h, the total RNA was extracted by Trizol one-step method, and the expression of OPG and RANKL mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). 【Results】 The expression of OPG mRNA in low, medium and high concentration group of Gukang increased significantly compared with that of blank control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01) (P <0.05). When the content of Gankang serum increased by 5%, 10% and 20%, the expression of RANKL mRNA expression decreased significantly compared with the blank control group were statistically significant (P <0.05), Gukangzhong concentration group and Gukang low concentration group, Gukang high concentration group and Gukang low concentration group RANKL There was no significant difference in mRNA expression between the two groups (P> 0.05). 【Conclusion】 Gukang can up-regulate the expression of osteoblast OPG mRNA and down-regulate the expression of RANKL mRNA in osteoporosis patients with deficiency of kidney yang.