目的观察大柴胡颗粒对胆色素结石豚鼠的保护作用。方法将豚鼠随机分为对照组,模型组,大柴胡颗粒高、中、低剂量(4.4、2.2、1.1 g/kg)组和熊去氧胆酸(50 mg/kg)组。采用饲料法复制胆色素结石豚鼠模型,观察大柴胡颗粒对胆色素结石豚鼠的成石率、血清天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、谷氨酰基转移酶(γ-GT)、总胆红素(TB)、1分钟胆红素水平、血浆和胆囊组织胃动素和生长抑素(SS)水平,以及胆汁内总胆酸(TBA)、磷脂、总胆固醇(TC)、黏蛋白量的影响;肝脏和胆囊组织进行HE染色,观察其组织病变情况。结果大柴胡颗粒中剂量组可显著降低结石成石率;其3个剂量组均可降低胆囊SS水平;其中、高剂量组可显著升高血浆和胆囊胃动素水平,降低血清γ-GT、1分钟胆红素水平和胆汁黏蛋白的量;其高剂量组可显著降低血清AST和TB、血浆SS和胆汁中TC水平,升高胆汁中TBA的量;而低剂量组可显著升高胆汁中磷脂的量,与模型组比较差异显著(P<0.05、0.01)。组织病理学观察表明大柴胡颗粒可显著改善胆囊上皮增生,减轻组织水肿、炎细胞浸润、肝脏脂肪变性、汇管区炎细胞浸润和纤维组织增生。结论大柴胡颗粒对胆色素结石豚鼠具有一定的保护作用,该作用可能与其减少肝胆细胞损伤、调节胆汁成分、促进胆汁分泌等机制相关。 Objective To observe the protective effect of Dachaihu granule on guinea pig with bile pigment stones. Methods Guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group, model group, Dachaihu granules group (4.4,2.2,1.1 g / kg) and ursodeoxycholic acid (50 mg / kg) group. The guinea pig model of biliary pigmentation was reproduced by feedstuff. The formation rate of stone, serum AST, ALT, AKP, (Γ-GT), total bilirubin (TB), 1 minute bilirubin, plasma and gallbladder motilin and somatostatin (SS) levels, and total bile acid (TBA ), Phospholipids, total cholesterol (TC) and mucin content. Liver and gallbladder tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) to observe the histopathological changes. Results Dachaihu granules medium dose group can significantly reduce the rate of stone stone; its 3 dose group can reduce the level of gallbladder SS; Among them, the high dose group can significantly increase plasma and gallbladder motilin levels, lower serum γ-GT, 1 minute bilirubin level and the amount of bile mucin; high-dose group can significantly reduce serum AST and TB, plasma SS and bile TC levels, increased the amount of bile TBA; and low-dose group can significantly increase the bile The amount of phospholipids was significantly different from the model group (P <0.05, 0.01). Histopathological observation showed that Dachaihu granules can significantly improve gallbladder epithelial hyperplasia, reduce tissue edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, fatty degeneration of liver, inflammatory cell infiltration in portal area and fibrous tissue hyperplasia. Conclusion Dachaihu granule has a protective effect on guinea pig with bile pigment stones, which may be related to its mechanism of reducing hepatobiliary cell injury, regulating bile composition and promoting bile secretion.